Non-Abelian descendant of Abelian duality in a two-dimensional frustrated quantum magnet

Several recent works on quantum criticality beyond the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson paradigm have led to a number of field theories, potentially important for certain two-dimensional magnetic insulating systems, where criticality is not very well understood. This situation highlights the need for nonperturbative information about criticality in two spatial dimensions (three space-time dimensions), which is a longstanding challenge. As a step toward addressing these issues, we present evidence that the O(4) vector model is dual to a theory of Dirac fermions coupled to both SU(2) and U(1) gauge fields. Both field theories arise as low-energy long-wavelength descriptions of a frustrated XY model on the triangular lattice. Abelian boson-vortex duality of the lattice model, together with the emergence of larger non-Abelian symmetry at low energies, leads to this rare example of duality in two spatial dimensions involving non-Abelian global symmetry and fermions but without supersymmetry. The duality can also be viewed as a bosonization of the Dirac fermion gauge theory.