Magnetic structures of RbCuCl₃ in a transverse field

A recent high-field magnetization experiment found a phase transition of unknown character in the layered, frustrated antiferromagnet RbCuCl₃, in a transverse field (in the layers). Motivated by these results, we have examined the magnetic structures predicted by a model of RbCuCl₃, using the classical approximation. At small fields, we obtain the structure already known to be optimal, an incommensurate (IC) spiral with wave vector q in the layers. At higher fields, we find a staircase of long-period commensurate (C) phases (separated initially by the low-field IC phase), then two narrow IC phases, then a fourth IC phase (also with intermediate C phases), and finally the ferromagnetically aligned phase at the saturation field H_S. The three-sublattice C states familiar from the theory of the triangular antiferromagnet are never optimal. The C phases and the two intermediate IC phases were previously unknown in this context. The magnetization is discontinuous at a field ≈0.4H_S, in qualitative agreement with experiment, though we find much fine structure not reported.