Phys. Rev. B 57, R11073–R11076 (1998)

Observation of Andreev reflection in all-superconducting single-electron transistors

Abstract

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R. J. Fitzgerald^*, S. L. Pohlen, and M. Tinkham
Department of Physics and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138

Received 21 November 1997; published in the issue dated 1 May 1998

We present the first experimental evidence for Andreev reflection in a single-electron transistor with both the leads and the island superconducting. In this process, two electrons tunnel to form a Cooper pair, or the reverse. It provides a second mechanism for two-electron transfer in addition to Cooper pair tunneling. Andreev reflection is found to contribute to several current cycles within the Coulomb blockade of single-electron tunneling. The observation of these cycles, however, requires that the charging energy E_C<Δ.

URL:

http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.57.R11073

DOI:

10.1103/PhysRevB.57.R11073

PACS:

74.50.+r, 73.23.Hk, 73.40.Gk

^*Present address: Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.

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Phys. Rev. B 57, R11073–R11076 (1998)

Observation of Andreev reflection in all-superconducting single-electron transistors